Free Pascal :
Users' manual


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Users' manual for Free Pascal, version 2.0.2
Document version 2.0
November 2005

Michaël Van Canneyt
Florian Klämp

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Contents
1 Introduction
 1.1 About this document
 1.2 About the compiler
 1.3 Getting more information.
2 Installing the compiler
 2.1 Before Installation : Requirements
  2.1.1 Hardware requirements
  2.1.2 Software requirements
 2.2 Installing the compiler.
  2.2.1 Installing under DOS, Windows or OS/2
  2.2.2 Installing under Linux
 2.3 Optional conguration steps
 2.4 Before compiling
 2.5 Testing the compiler
3 Compiler usage
 3.1 File searching
  3.1.1 Command line les
  3.1.2 Unit les
  3.1.3 Include les
  3.1.4 Object les
  3.1.5 Conguration le
  3.1.6 About long lenames
 3.2 Compiling a program
 3.3 Compiling a unit
 3.4 Units, libraries and smartlinking
 3.5 Reducing the size of your program
4 Compiling problems
 4.1 General problems
 4.2 Problems you may encounter under DOS
5 Compiler conguration
 5.1 Using the command-line options
  5.1.1 General options
  5.1.2 Options for getting feedback
  5.1.3 Options concerning les and directories
  5.1.4 Options controlling the kind of output.
  5.1.5 Options concerning the sources (language options)
 5.2 Using the conguration le
  5.2.1 #IFDEF
  5.2.2 #IFNDEF
  5.2.3 #ELSE
  5.2.4 #ENDIF
  5.2.5 #DEFINE
  5.2.6 #UNDEF
  5.2.7 #WRITE
  5.2.8 #INCLUDE
  5.2.9 #SECTION
 5.3 Variable substitution in paths
6 The IDE
 6.1 First steps with the IDE
  6.1.1 Starting the IDE
  6.1.2 IDE Command line options
  6.1.3 The IDE screen
 6.2 Navigating in the IDE
  6.2.1 Using the keyboard
  6.2.2 Using the mouse
  6.2.3 Navigating in dialogs
 6.3 Windows
  6.3.1 Window basics
  6.3.2 Sizing and moving windows
  6.3.3 Working with multiple windows
  6.3.4 Dialog windows
 6.4 The Menu
  6.4.1 Accessing the menu
  6.4.2 The File menu
  6.4.3 The Edit menu
  6.4.4 The Search menu
  6.4.5 The Run menu
  6.4.6 The Compile menu
  6.4.7 The Debug menu
  6.4.8 The Tools menu
  6.4.9 The Options menu
  6.4.10 The Window menu
  6.4.11 The Help menu
 6.5 Editing text
  6.5.1 Insert modes
  6.5.2 Blocks
  6.5.3 Setting bookmarks
  6.5.4 Jumping to a source line
  6.5.5 Syntax highlighting
  6.5.6 Code Completion
  6.5.7 Code Templates
 6.6 Searching and replacing
 6.7 The symbol browser
 6.8 Running programs
 6.9 Debugging programs
  6.9.1 Using breakpoints
  6.9.2 Using watches
  6.9.3 The call stack
  6.9.4 The GDB window
 6.10 Using Tools
  6.10.1 The messages window
  6.10.2 Grep
  6.10.3 The ASCII table
  6.10.4 The calculator
  6.10.5 Adding new tools
  6.10.6 Meta parameters
  6.10.7 Building a command line dialog box
 6.11 Project management and compiler options
  6.11.1 The primary le
  6.11.2 The directory dialog
  6.11.3 The target operating system
  6.11.4 Compiler options
  6.11.5 Linker options
  6.11.6 Memory sizes
  6.11.7 Debug options
  6.11.8 The switches mode
 6.12 Customizing the IDE
  6.12.1 Preferences
  6.12.2 The desktop
  6.12.3 The Editor
  6.12.4 Mouse
  6.12.5 Colors
 6.13 The help system
  6.13.1 Navigating in the help system
  6.13.2 Working with help les
  6.13.3 The about dialog
 6.14 Keyboard shortcuts
7 Porting and Portable code
 7.1 Turbo Pascal
  7.1.1 Things that will not work
  7.1.2 Things which are extra
  7.1.3 Turbo Pascal compatibility mode
  7.1.4 A note on long le names under dos
 7.2 Porting Delphi Code
  7.2.1 Missing language constructs
  7.2.2 Missing calls/API incompatibilities
  7.2.3 Best practices for porting
 7.3 Writing portable code
8 Utilities that come with Free Pascal
 8.1 Demo programs and examples
 8.2 fpcmake
 8.3 fpdoc - Pascal Unit documenter
 8.4 h2pas - C header to Pascal Unit converter
  8.4.1 Options
  8.4.2 Constructs
 8.5 h2paspp - preprocessor for h2pas
  8.5.1 Usage
  8.5.2 Options
 8.6 ppudump program
 8.7 ppumove program
 8.8 ptop - Pascal source beautier
  8.8.1 ptop program
  8.8.2 The ptop conguration le
  8.8.3 ptopu unit
 8.9 rstconv program
 8.10 unitdi program
  8.10.1 Synopsis
  8.10.2 Description and usage
  8.10.3 Options
9 Units that come with Free Pascal
 9.1 Standard units
 9.2 Under DOS
 9.3 Under Windows
 9.4 Under Linux and BSD-like platforms
 9.5 Under OS/2
 9.6 Unit availability
10 Debugging your Programs
 10.1 Compiling your program with debugger support
 10.2 Using gdb to debug your program
 10.3 Caveats when debugging with gdb
 10.4 Support for gprof, the gnu proler
 10.5 Detecting heap memory leaks
 10.6 Line numbers in run-time error backtraces
 10.7 Combining heaptrc and lineinfo
11 Alphabetical listing of command-line options
12 Alphabetical list of reserved words
13 Compiler messages
 13.1 General compiler messages
 13.2 Scanner messages.
 13.3 Parser messages
 13.4 Type checking errors
 13.5 Symbol handling
 13.6 Code generator messages
 13.7 Errors of assembling/linking stage
 13.8 Unit loading messages.
 13.9 Command-line handling errors
 13.10 Assembler reader errors.
  13.10.1 General assembler errors
  13.10.2 I386 specic errors
  13.10.3 m68k specic errors.
14 Run time errors
15 A sample gdb.ini le
16 Options and settings